What can we say about the condition of the Catholic Church on the eve of the Protestant Reformation? According to History, the Protestant Reformation was “the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.” A big one was that they took money from people for no reason. At the time people were also torched to death. People were very evil then.
Month: June 2023
The Italian War of 1494-1498. According to Wikipedia, “The First Italian War, sometimes referred to as the Italian War of 1494 or Charles VIII’s Italian War, was the opening phase of the Italian Wars.” The Italian war started when Charles VII of France had the idea to invade Italy. The French kept attacking cities, and finally Pope Alexander VI formed the League of Venice. The League of Venice defeated France so Charles VII retreated to France and died.
We normally think of three people in particular as having been the key artists of the High Renaissance. Who were they? Discuss one major work from each.
Raphael: Raphael was an Italian architect and painter. His greatest work was The School of Athens.
Leonardo Da Vinci: Leonardo Da Vinci was an Italian painter, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect. His greatest work was the Mona Lisa.
Michelangelo: Michelangelo was an Italian painter, sculptor, poet, and architect. His greatest work was The Statue of David.
Did the literary documents Little Flowers and Late Medieval Literature give guidance in their era as to how a typical Christian should live? The author of this story is unknown, but many believe it to have been written by Father Ugolino da Santa Maria. According to Wikipedia, “Most scholars are now agreed that Ugolino was the author of the Fioretti, or Little Flowers of St. Francis, in their original form. Ugolino was probably one of several collectors of traditions in the Marches. The Fioretti appears to have been written sometime between 1322 and 1328.” The book has 53 small chapters and it was based on the life of St. Francis of Assisi.
According to Wikipedia “Medieval literature is a broad subject, encompassing essentially all written works available in Europe and beyond during the Middle Ages. The literature of this time was composed of religious writings as well as secular works.” One of these pieces of literature is The Song of Roland. According to Wikipedia “The Song of Roland is an 11th-century chanson de geste based on ]the Frankish military leader Roland at the Battle of Roncevaux in AD 778, during the reign of the Carolingian king Charlemagne.” According to Cornell College, “Olivier: Roland’s best friend, comrade, and the brother of Aude. He is also referred to as Oliver.” According to Cornell College “Roland: Charlemagne’s nephew and leader of the French army’s rear guard.” This poem twisted the historical event of the Battle of Roncevaux Pass in 778. In the poem there was an invasion of Spain by the ruler Charlemagne to help a set of Muslims to defeat another set of Muslims. Even though this poem twisted the real event in so many ways to the point it made no sense, the Europeans still liked it.
In little flowers is says that people should be loving and kind, but it says the friars should do this not the common man. In The Song of Roland it says that you should be brave, but also prideful which is wrong.
Did the literary documents Little Flowers and Late Medieval Literature give guidance in their era as to how a typical Christian should live? Yes on some thing and no to the others.